前言：

    ansible的结果默认是输出到cli终端和日志里面的，用惯了saltsatck的returners数据回调后，也很是喜欢ansible也有，一开始不知道有这个功能，自己也简单实现了这样的功能。

我的实现方式是，在模块里面做一些输出的逻辑。当使用ansible runner api的时候，是在后面runner代码，最后加了一段往redis输出的逻辑。 这里实现数据的输出有些独特，但是只能是在模块和 api方面搞 。 如果是用playbook的话，按照我以前的思路的话，再继续改ansbile的源码。  这两天听沈灿说，ansible有个callback_plugins的功能，可以对于执行的状态做一些判断，比如，执行成功，执行失败，异步执行，异步执行失败，playbook开始，结束等等。 

我也不说复杂了，就简单说一个例子，把执行的结果，都推到redis里面，也可以暂存到sqlite数据库里面，只是这段代码我给屏蔽了，有兴趣的朋友再搞搞。对于redis里面的数据可以写一个页面展现下，专门记录错误的问题，成功的就pass掉。

#xiaorui.cc

import os
import time
import sqlite3
import redis
import json

dbname = '/tmp/setup.db'
TIME_FORMAT='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'

try:
    con = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cur = con.cursor()
except:
    pass

def log(host, data):

#    if type(data) == dict:
#        invocation = data.pop('invocation', None)
#        if invocation.get('module_name', None) != 'setup':
#            return
#
#    facts = data.get('ansible_facts', None)
#
#    now = time.strftime(TIME_FORMAT, time.localtime())
#
#    try:
#        # `host` is a unique index
#        cur.execute("REPLACE INTO inventory (now, host, arch, dist, distvers, sys,kernel) VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?,?);",
#        (
#            now,
#            facts.get('ansible_hostname', None),
#            facts.get('ansible_architecture', None),
#            facts.get('ansible_distribution', None),
#            facts.get('ansible_distribution_version', None),
#            facts.get('ansible_system', None),
#            facts.get('ansible_kernel', None)
#        ))
#        con.commit()
#    except:
#        pass
#
class CallbackModule(object):
    def runner_on_ok(self, host, res):
        r = redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1', port=6379, db=0) 
        r.set(host,str(res))

        f = open('/tmp/11','a')
        f.write(str(host))
        f.write(str(res))
        f.close()
        log(host, res)
    def runner_on_failed(self, host, res, ignore_errors=False):
        f = open('/tmp/11','a')
        f.write('\nbad\n')
        f.close()
        log(host, res)

还是可以接收所有的facts数据的。

原文：http://rfyiamcool.blog.51cto.com/1030776/1440624 

原文：http://rfyiamcool.blog.51cto.com/1030776/1440624 

虽然我上面的例子用了redis，sqlite数据库，其实我个人推荐用mongodb这样的文档数据库的。因为ansible主runner函数，给callbacks传递了一个叫res的变量，他本身就是一个dict对象，如果放到redis的hash，sqlite的各种字段，够你烦的了，如果直接mongo，那就简单了，直接insert ！ 欧了

这里在show一个邮件的callbacks代码，场景是，非常消耗时间的任务，当执行完成后，查看结果咋办？　　但是你也可以在终端继续看，既然咱们讲了callbacks_plugins,就可以把结果push到你的邮箱里面，当然只给你发错误的，有问题的。 下面的callback代码需要自己替换成自己用的邮箱、密码、smtp服务器。

#xiaorui.cc
原文：http://rfyiamcool.blog.51cto.com/1030776/1440624 
  
import smtplib
 
def mail(subject='Ansible error mail', sender='<root>', to='root', cc=None, bcc=None, body=None):
    if not body:
        body = subject
 
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
 
    content = 'From: %s\n' % sender
    content += 'To: %s\n' % to
    if cc:
        content += 'Cc: %s\n' % cc
    content += 'Subject: %s\n\n' % subject
    content += body
 
    addresses = to.split(',')
    if cc:
        addresses += cc.split(',')
    if bcc:
        addresses += bcc.split(',')
 
    for address in addresses:
        smtp.sendmail(sender, address, content)
 
    smtp.quit()
 
 
class CallbackModule(object):
 
    """
    This Ansible callback plugin mails errors to interested parties.
    """
 
    def runner_on_failed(self, host, res, ignore_errors=False):
        if ignore_errors:
            return
        sender = '"Ansible: %s" <root>' % host
        subject = 'Failed: %(module_name)s %(module_args)s' % res['invocation']
        body = 'The following task failed for host ' + host + ':\n\n%(module_name)s %(module_args)s\n\n' % res['invocation']
        if 'stdout' in res.keys() and res['stdout']:
            subject = res['stdout'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[-1]
            body += 'with the following output in standard output:\n\n' + res['stdout'] + '\n\n'
        if 'stderr' in res.keys() and res['stderr']:
            subject = res['stderr'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[-1]
            body += 'with the following output in standard error:\n\n' + res['stderr'] + '\n\n'
        if 'msg' in res.keys() and res['msg']:
            subject = res['msg'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[0]
            body += 'with the following message:\n\n' + res['msg'] + '\n\n'
        body += 'A complete dump of the error:\n\n' + str(res)
        mail(sender=sender, subject=subject, body=body)
                   
    def runner_on_unreachable(self, host, res):
        sender = '"Ansible: %s" <root>' % host
        if isinstance(res, basestring):
            subject = 'Unreachable: %s' % res.strip('\r\n').split('\n')[-1]
            body = 'An error occured for host ' + host + ' with the following message:\n\n' + res
        else:
            subject = 'Unreachable: %s' % res['msg'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[0]
            body = 'An error occured for host ' + host + ' with the following message:\n\n' + \
                   res['msg'] + '\n\nA complete dump of the error:\n\n' + str(res)
        mail(sender=sender, subject=subject, body=body)
 
    def runner_on_async_failed(self, host, res, jid):
        sender = '"Ansible: %s" <root>' % host
        if isinstance(res, basestring):
            subject = 'Async failure: %s' % res.strip('\r\n').split('\n')[-1]
            body = 'An error occured for host ' + host + ' with the following message:\n\n' + res
        else:
            subject = 'Async failure: %s' % res['msg'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[0]
            body = 'An error occured for host ' + host + ' with the following message:\n\n' + \
                   res['msg'] + '\n\nA complete dump of the error:\n\n' + str(res)
        mail(sender=sender, subject=subject, body=body)
如果不想发邮件，又不想搞到数据库里面，怎么办？　那来点低端的。　　直接写入到文件里面。
官方给出一个例子，大家照着模板写就行了。


import os
import time
import json
 
TIME_FORMAT="%b %d %Y %H:%M:%S"
MSG_FORMAT="%(now)s - %(category)s - %(data)s\n\n"
 
if not os.path.exists("/var/log/ansible/hosts"):
    os.makedirs("/var/log/ansible/hosts")
 
def log(host, category, data):
    if type(data) == dict:
        if 'verbose_override' in data:
            # avoid logging extraneous data from facts
            data = 'omitted'
        else:
            data = data.copy()
            invocation = data.pop('invocation', None)
            data = json.dumps(data)
            if invocation is not None:
                data = json.dumps(invocation) + " => %s " % data
 
    path = os.path.join("/var/log/ansible/hosts", host)
    now = time.strftime(TIME_FORMAT, time.localtime())
    fd = open(path, "a")
    fd.write(MSG_FORMAT % dict(now=now, category=category, data=data))
    fd.close()
 
class CallbackModule(object):
    """
    logs playbook results, per host, in /var/log/ansible/hosts
    """
 
    def on_any(self, *args, **kwargs):
        pass
 
    def runner_on_failed(self, host, res, ignore_errors=False):
        log(host, 'FAILED', res)
 
    def runner_on_ok(self, host, res):
        log(host, 'OK', res)
 
    def runner_on_skipped(self, host, item=None):
        log(host, 'SKIPPED', '...')
 
    def runner_on_unreachable(self, host, res):
        log(host, 'UNREACHABLE', res)
 
    def runner_on_no_hosts(self):
        pass
 
    def runner_on_async_poll(self, host, res, jid, clock):
        pass
 
    def runner_on_async_ok(self, host, res, jid):
        pass
 
    def runner_on_async_failed(self, host, res, jid):
        log(host, 'ASYNC_FAILED', res)
 
    def playbook_on_start(self):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_notify(self, host, handler):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_no_hosts_matched(self):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_no_hosts_remaining(self):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_task_start(self, name, is_conditional):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_vars_prompt(self, varname, private=True, prompt=None, encrypt=None, confirm=False, salt_size=None, salt=None, default=None):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_setup(self):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_import_for_host(self, host, imported_file):
        log(host, 'IMPORTED', imported_file)
 
    def playbook_on_not_import_for_host(self, host, missing_file):
        log(host, 'NOTIMPORTED', missing_file)
 
    def playbook_on_play_start(self, name):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_stats(self, stats):
        pass

也可以把结果以webhooks钩子的方式，做些你想做的东西。

callbacks的各种状态还是很多的，每个函数的字眼还是很好理解的。

比如：

on_any  哪都有他 ！任何的状态他触发。

runner_on_failed 失败

runner_on_ok  成功

runner_on_unreachable 网络不可达

runner_on_no_hosts 没有主机

runner_on_async_poll 任务的异步执行

playbook_on_start  playbook执行的时候

等等。。。。  自己尝试吧 ！

class CallbackModule(object):
 
 
    def on_any(self, *args, **kwargs):
        pass
 
    def runner_on_failed(self, host, res, ignore_errors=False):
        log(host, 'FAILED', res)
 
    def runner_on_ok(self, host, res):
        log(host, 'OK', res)
 
    def runner_on_skipped(self, host, item=None):
        log(host, 'SKIPPED', '...')
 
    def runner_on_unreachable(self, host, res):
        log(host, 'UNREACHABLE', res)
 
    def runner_on_no_hosts(self):
        pass
 
    def runner_on_async_poll(self, host, res, jid, clock):
        pass
 
    def runner_on_async_ok(self, host, res, jid):
        pass
 
    def runner_on_async_failed(self, host, res, jid):
        log(host, 'ASYNC_FAILED', res)
 
    def playbook_on_start(self):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_notify(self, host, handler):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_no_hosts_matched(self):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_no_hosts_remaining(self):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_task_start(self, name, is_conditional):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_vars_prompt(self, varname, private=True, prompt=None, encrypt=None, confirm=False, salt_size=None, salt=None, default=None):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_setup(self):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_import_for_host(self, host, imported_file):
        log(host, 'IMPORTED', imported_file)
 
    def playbook_on_not_import_for_host(self, host, missing_file):
        log(host, 'NOTIMPORTED', missing_file)
 
    def playbook_on_play_start(self, name):
        pass
 
    def playbook_on_stats(self, stats):
        pass

咱们可以简单看看ansible的callbacks源码。

规定了两个类，一个是供应ansible-playbook用的，还有一个是供应ansible，也就是cli。 根据各种的情况，调用不同的函数，首先会打到终端，再log日志，最后是自定义的callbacks的插件。 

好了，就这样了 ！！！！